Saturday, December 28, 2019

Technology and Software in Relation to Multicultural...

Technology and Software in Relation to Multicultural Education As the times change, so must an educators style of teaching. Computer technology can play a large role in this change. There are many reasons and ways schools can introduce this technology into their curriculum. There will be three of these reasons and ways discussed in the following pages. In todays society, many people believe it is time for school reform. The problem is employers are concerned that high school graduates do not have the necessary skills to be successful at a job when they graduate. Some researchers say that these reform efforts need to focus on the root causes of school problems (International). According to a California study by Paplin and†¦show more content†¦They allow the leaner to use it for representation and expression of what they know. Learners of any age or culture can use the tools for analyzing the world, accessing information, and interpreting and organizing personal knowledge. With an increased emphasis on more teacher discretion over teaching and learning, constructivism in the classroom has a potential to increase. The basic relationship between teacher and students is changing because technology gives learners control over their own learning, which are the primary tenets of constructivism. The use of technology can have a great effect of schools. It enables every student to gain control of there own learning (International). Technology can also be integrated into the class through the use of software. Selecting the software is one of the most important components of success when using it for instruction. One has to take the needs and characteristics of each learner into consideration. There are hundreds of types of software available. The teachers who will be using it with the assistance from the technology coordinator should make the selection decisions about software. There are factors, which need to be addressed when selecting software. They are content, instruction, student-relevance, operation, design, and package components. The area of content says that the objectives should be clearly stated. It should have a purpose for the students and teachers. Moreover, the content has toShow MoreRelatedThe Technological Advancements Of The World2265 Words   |  10 Pagescultural, political, and economic relations† (Caldwell Community College and Technical Institute, 2014, para. 1). Knowledge of global affairs is extremely important in order to better understand how to interact with and to communicate with peoples from differing backgrounds throughout the ever-changing anthropological landscape. This knowledge also helps to familiarize individuals regarding dilemmas that have global implications. The democratization of technology has helped to make its users moreRead MoreUnderstanding Cultures And Intercultural Communication1512 Words   |  7 Pagesstatement, referring to relevant theories and using examples where appropriate. In the past five decades, there has been a considerable increase in exchanges between different countries, such as business, financial, individual, economy, religion, education and gender. Intercultural communication is essential in the contemporary world due to globalisation. Indeed, some economists claim that intercultural communication is no longer relevant to countries while others believe that it is still significantRead MoreSingapore : A Floating Exchange Rate Essay2250 Words   |  9 Pagesa downward effect on export and import price levels. This is significant since when we buy goods or services from overseas we pay them in their currency. Perhaps this healthy exchange rate might discourage overseas visits to NZ for tourism and education purposes, but there is no clear evidence in support of this. Socio-cultural Forces. Pertinent socio-cultural forces that are interdependent and influence people’s behaviours and preferences at work in SkillPower’s NZ market are these: †¢ ReligionRead MoreCase Study Maple Leaf Shoes Ltd. â€Å"Selection of a Human Resources Manager†2255 Words   |  10 Pagesof the requirements for the future human resource manager are as follows: †¢ Education: bachelors degree or equivalent in Human Resources, Business, or Organization Development for a managerial position. Recommended would be Certified Human Resource Professional or a master’s degree or coursework to cater Maple Leaf Shoes Ltd. needs which includes business administration, organizational development, labor relations and behavioral and social sciences. Certification in specialty areas such as benefitsRead MoreImpact of Technology and Workforce Diversity on Corporate Sector4032 Words   |  17 PagesImpact of Technology and Workforce Diversity on the Corporate Sector | Keerthi Purushothaman III B.A. Corporate Economics 10CEM28 | Introduction With the onset of globalization, the corporate sector has transformed in many ways. It has adopted new work policies and adapted to new technologies. The impact of technology and workforce diversity on corporates is an area of growing importance. In a multicultural nation such as India, workforce diversity has a huge impact on business. WithRead MoreCross Cultural Management Research6745 Words   |  27 Pageslanguage and cultural barriers. Motorola’s Technology center in Italy is working diligently to produce and offer Mya Voice Platforms to allow consumers and organizations that are exploring the idea of relocation to communicate using the aforementioned technology to eliminate language barriers. The technology and software will allow users the capability to exchange dialogue in either a text to text or language to language format. Motorola and the technology will transcend barriers that were once commonRead MoreThe Theory Of Growth Of Singapore3101 Words   |  13 Pagesalso gave tax benefits to foreign corporations which lowered their production costs and now had a low-skilled low-wage manufacturing workforce base ready. Soon, many corporations came into Singapore and most importantly so did their technology. Capital and technology intensive projects were brought over from the large multinational companies such as Shell Petroleum and Iron and Steel Mills10 and today Singapore has over 3000 Multinational Com panies1 (MNCs) established. During the 1960s, Singapore’sRead MoreHRMT Chapter 1 notes3179 Words   |  13 Pages(recruiting), choosing employees (selection), teaching employees and preparing them (training and development), rewarding employees (compensation), evaluating their performance (performance mgmt), and creating a positive work environment (employee relations) ââ€" ¦ HRM enhances company performance by contributing to employee and customer satisfaction, innovation, productivity and development of a good reputation II. What Roles and Responsibilities do HR Departments Perform? Employment and InterviewingRead MoreThe Development of Technology in the East Encouraged the World3023 Words   |  12 PagesThe development of technology encouraged the world to develop co-operative projects to facilitate the technology that benefit countries in economic growth. This requires work ethics and technological skills that are dominated by the Eastern especially Japanese citizens. It has been proven that the Eastern economy was developing remarkably during the 70s and early 80s. Extracted from PDF â€Å"30 Years After Malaysia’s Look East Policy† Aware of this situation, our former Prime Minister, Tun Dr. MahathirRead MoreDiversity at Disney5774 Words   |  24 Pagesincluding programs on generational communications, creating an inclusive environment, disability awareness and inclusion leadership training. Disney works to accommodate guests with disabilities by training cast members, making the latest technology available for visitors, and constantly reviewing policies and procedures that govern park operations. In addition, visitors with disabilities can plan their Disney outing by reviewing a copy of the resort s Guidebook for Guests with Disabilities

Friday, December 20, 2019

James Joyces Dubliners Essay - 1430 Words

A Literary Analysis of Dubliners James Joyce created a collection of short stories in Dubliners describing the time and place he grew up in. At the time it was written, Joyce intends to portray to the people of Dublin the problems with the Irish lifestyles. Many of these stories share a reoccurring theme of a character’s desire to escape his or her responsibilities in regards to his relationship with his, job, money situation, and social status; this theme is most prevalent in After the Race, Counterparts, and The Dead. In After the Race, the main character, Jimmy Doyle, attempts to escape his responsibilities as a student. Jimmy’s father pays for Jimmy to be educated in England, Dublin, and later at†¦show more content†¦The reader quickly realizes that Farrington does as little as possible at work. His boss complains that Farrington also spends more time on his lunch break than he is supposed to (83). Mr. Alleyne also explains that talking to Farrington is like talking to a wall because Farrington seems to choose not to pay attention to his boss and does not really seem to care whether his boss is about to fire him. The same day his boss disciplines him, Farrington leaves work because he cannot seem to control his alcoholism (84). He seems to use alcohol as a way to escape his responsibilities. Finally, Farrington returns to his work and rushes half-heartedly through it. Farrington does not care about the consequences of his actions and, like Jimmy Doyle, seems to have no foresight as to what the consequences might be. In the dead the results of people escaping their responsibilities are shown, in contrast with the other stories which show actual acts of irresponsibility. Gretta Conroy acted irresponsible when she chose to marry her husband even though she was not truly in love with him. In this story, the reader sees the results of Gretta’s irresponsibility; she lives an unhappy marriage and causes her husband to feel depressed. At the beginning of the story the reader learns how much Gabriel cares for his wife and how he seems to always care for her. As a result, the reader can easily feel bad for Gabriel, especially when he feels badShow MoreRelatedJames Joyce’s Dubliners Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesJames Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories that aims to portray middle class life in Dublin, Ireland in the early twentieth century. Most of the stories are written with themes such as entrapment, paralysis, and epiphany, which are central to the flow of the collection of stories as a whole. Characters are usually limited financially, socially, and/or by their environment; they realize near the end of each story that they cannot escape their unfortunate situation in Dublin. These storiesRead MoreParalysis In James Joyces Dubliners1086 Words   |  5 PagesHopefully this Essay is Slightly More Intelligible than Finnegan’s Wake: Dubliners Essay â€Å"To be or not to be, that is the question.† Hamlet’s famous quotation implies only two solutions: to be, or to not be. However, there is another option that Shakespeare never explored: to remain paralyzed between the two states, unable to commit to either. James Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories first published in 1914, that follows the inhabitants of Ireland. Published nearly a half a centuryRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Dubliners1145 Words   |  5 PagesJames Joyces Dubliners Throughout James Joyce’s â€Å"Dubliners† there are four major themes that are all very connected these are regret, realization, self hatred and Moral paralysis, witch is represented with the actual physical paralysis of Father Flynn in â€Å"The Sisters†. In this paper I intend to explore the different paths and contours of these themes in the four stories where I think they are most prevalent ,and which I most enjoyed â€Å"Araby†, â€Å"Eveline†, â€Å"The Boarding House†, and â€Å"A LittleRead MoreJames Joyces Dubliners Essay1450 Words   |  6 PagesDubliners James Joyce wrote Dubliners during the 20th century. As Joyce wrote Dubliners, he probably intended on telling what Ireland was like at the time that he wrote it. He uses many different themes in this book. He specifically uses the themes of light and dark and autonomy and responsibility to illustrate what life in Ireland is like. The stories that use these themes are â€Å"An Encounter†, â€Å"The Boarding House†, and â€Å"The Dead†. Each story contains the themes of light/autonomyRead More Triangular Structure in James Joyces Dubliners1970 Words   |  8 PagesTriangular Structure in James Joyces Dubliners Within the body of literary criticism that surrounds James Joyces Dubliners is a tendency to preclude analysis beyond an Irish level, beyond Joyces own intent to create the uncreated conscience of [his] race. However, in order to place the text within an appropriately expansive context, it seems necessary to examine the implications of the volumes predominant thematic elements within the broader scope of human nature. The psychic dramaRead MoreReligion in James Joyces Dubliners Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesReligion in James Joyces Dubliners Religion was an integral part of Ireland during the modernist period, tightly woven into the social fabric of its citizens. The Catholic Church wa s a longstandingRead MoreSymbolism Used in James Joyces Dubliners2126 Words   |  9 Pagesothers. James Joyce, a well-known Irish author, uses symbolism repeatedly throughout his collection of short stories published in 1916. In these stories, titled Dubliners, Joyce uses symbolism not only to enhance the stories, but to also show the hidden, underlying message of each story without coming out and saying it directly. Joyce’s stories are centered on the problems of Dublin and through his use of symbolism Joyce is able to focus attention on what problem each story is addressing. James JoyceRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Dubliners1404 Words   |  6 PagesDubliners James Joyce wrote the book Dubliners; Joyce expresses many different types of emotions throughout the book. The emotions portray individuals in society, and light and dark. The emotions of individuals are examined throughout the stories by other members in society. The stories that express the ideas are: â€Å"The Encounter,† â€Å"Eveline†, and â€Å"The Dead.† The symbolism of individuals in society expresses many different situations that are happening in the characters lives. TheRead MoreJames Joyces Dubliners Essay1422 Words   |  6 PagesDubliners In the story Dubliners by James Joyce, he writes about a few different themes, some of these being autonomy, responsibility, light, and dark. The most important of the themes though must be the individual character in the story against the community and the way they see it. I have chosen to take a closer look at â€Å"Araby,† â€Å"Eveline,† and â€Å"The Dead† because the great display of these themes I feel is fascinating. Many things affect the way the individual characters seeRead MoreEssay on Evelines Decision in James Joyces Dubliners790 Words   |  4 PagesEvelines Decision in James Joyces Dubliners      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the short story, Eveline, James Joyce introduces us to the life of a young woman named Eveline. She has the opportunity to escape with Frank, the man she thinks she loves, to a faraway country in search of a new life.   Instead, she decides to stay in the dreary and gloomy life she already knows.   To understand Evelines final decision to stay we have to analyze the reasons that prevent Eveline from pursuing a better

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

The Bluest Eye Essay Research Paper Racism free essay sample

The Bluest Eye Essay, Research Paper Racism in The Bluest Eye # 8220 ; There is truly nil more to state # 8211 ; except why. But since why is hard to manage, one must take safety in how. # 8221 ; When bad things happen to us, the first thing we ask ourselves is # 8220 ; why # 8221 ; ? Most of the clip nevertheless, the reply to # 8220 ; why # 8221 ; is non readily available to us, and sometimes there is non an reply at all. Racism has been a construct which has existed from the beginning of human civilisation. For some ground, the # 8220 ; whites # 8221 ; believed they were superior to everyone who was non white for a really long clip. There has ever been a misconception that racism exists purely against inkinesss from Whites. However, Morrison shows the reader every facet of racism: Whites against inkinesss, light-skinned inkinesss against colored inkinesss and inkinesss who are good off against hapless inkinesss. The latter two are the most emphatic and the most prevailing in the novel. In July # 8217 ; s Peoples, we see the other side of racism, the opression of Whites. There are many replies to the inquiry # 8220 ; why? # 8221 ; in this novel. There is non merely one reply to which it all can be narrowed down or traced back. Morrison efforts to demo the reader assorted accelerators which explain ( or can explicate ) HOW racism affected the characters # 8217 ; lives. Often, there is truly non an reply to # 8220 ; why? # 8221 ; , although at times, the reader may come across to one of the many replies to this inquiry. In the beginning of the book, the reader sees how the blonde-blue-eyed white miss ( adult female ) has ever been the conceptualized ideal. Morrison does non ( and can non ) tell us why this is and has been from the get downing of clip. However, she shows the reader how it is and to the extent it affects ( and has affected ) anyone who does non # 8220 ; fit # 8221 ; the ideal. From the beginning, the reader sees how Claudia despises this # 8220 ; ideal # 8221 ; of beauty, cognizing neither she, nor any of her sisters or neighbours could of all time populate up to. In another episode in the novel, when Pecola is on her manner to purchase her Mary Janes, the reader is able to recognize the extent of the impact this idealisation had ( and still has ) on Afro-american every bit good as many other civilizations. Morrison makes a point to stress the fact that this affected everyone in the novel, whether the character admired or despised this ideal. Mrs. Breedlove # 8220 ; passed on # 8221 ; to Pecola the insecurity she had # 8220 ; acquired # 8221 ; throughout her life. Her insecurity and self-hate had been in her since her childhood but it was made worse by her emulating the film actresses. The reader foremost sees Pecola encountered with Ra cism from a white adult male with Mr. Yacobowski. She goes to the shop to purchase Mary Janes and # 8220 ; He does non see her, because for him there is nil to see. # 8221 ; The storyteller emphasizes the fact that # 8220 ; their ugliness was unique. # 8221 ; She does non province this because it is her sentiment, or anyone else # 8217 ; s for that affair, but because # 8220 ; No 1 could hold convinced them that they were non unrelentingly and sharply ugly. # 8221 ; The storyteller states that they ( except for Cholly ) # 8220 ; wore their ugliness # 8212 ; although it did non belong to them. # 8221 ; This ugliness had everything to make with the fact that they were black, particularly for Mrs. Breedlove and Pecola. Mrs. Breedlove wanted to expression like a film star and Pecola wanted bluish eyes, both instances were unrealistic and since they could non be the # 8220 ; ideal # 8221 ; beauty, they assumed they were ugly. Rejection is a byproduct of racism. Rejection is developed in the metaphors that Morrison uses throughout the novel. The subject of nature recurs in the novel and it parallels Pecola # 8217 ; s rejection. In the beginning of the book, Claudia tells the reader that # 8220 ; there were no marigolds in the autumn of 1941. # 8221 ; She does non cognize why the marigolds did non bloom, but she can explicate what and how it happened. At this point, the reader gets an thought that there is traveling to be a parallel between this fact and person # 8217 ; s narrative throughout the book. Maureen Peal is an illustration of a light-skinned, # 8220 ; reasonably, # 8221 ; middle-class miss. Although she is non the # 8220 ; ideal # 8221 ; beauty in society, in the narrative, to all the people in town, she is near to this ideal. In the description in the novel, she is idealised and in a manner # 8220 ; worshipped # 8221 ; by everyone who knows her. She becomes everyone # 8217 ; s favourite in the school. Her apparels are described absolutely and they are unflawed, as Maureen herself ( harmonizing to the storyteller ) . Claudia says that Maureen is non their enemy, their enemy is what makes Maureen cute and the remainder of them ugly, that # 8220 ; thing # 8221 ; that makes her cute. Although racism is non the chief accelerator to everything bad that happens throughout the novel ( it is more deep-seated issues in society ) , plays a cardinal function in the development of the characters as persons, as good every bit society as a whole. Morrison excels in depicting racism as one of the many issues which can destroy a individual # 8217 ; s self-identity and assurance. Although she, like anyone else, can non explicate and does non hold an reply as to # 8220 ; why # 8221 ; racism exists, she describes in item how it ( along with other related factors ) can conveying about an single # 8217 ; s self-distruction. Bibliography Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. 323

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Old English Terminology Essay Example For Students

Old English Terminology Essay Present days English language has changed in many ways in the past 350 to 1600 years. The way words are pronounciated and written have changed the most. I have chosen the subjects of sports and games because both have altered in both of these manners. By looking at the words I am going to describe, you will able to see how modern people have came up with our own way of saying the same item. Sports are now being called different names then when they were originated, but the games have almost stayed the same. For example, what we call two chickens fighting to the death is a cockfight. During old England, the called the same fight a Shrove Tuesday(www.regia.org/games). There were slight differentials though, in where kids would bring these angry chickens to school and the schoolmaster would control the fights. Some minor changes in the language were words like billiard, which was spelled billard (Hendrickson, page 23), or javelin, which was known as gafeluc(www.mun.ca/ansaxdat/vocab). Board games were also a favorite pastime of children and adults alike. The most played games were tafl (www.regia.org/games), which was virtually checkers with a few special pieces that had more options on the board. Tafl literally meant table. Brannantafl, hnefatafl, and hraeotafl were all variations of the special game of checkers, except there were a few variations of the rules depending o n where you were in the country. Chess, however, was by far the most popular game of the time. In the 1200s, it was spelled hchestafl(www.mun.ca/ansaxdat/) but it had the same rules that we use today. Other pastimes of the era included knatteleik, kingy-bats, and skofuleik, which were all violent versions of hockey and hurling combined (www.regia.org/images/Tiberius/).Some less violent sports played in about 1000 were swimming. Swimming of course had been around until man realized that he could float to a certain extent, but during this time period, swimming hit a high of participation and spectating. They also had variations in this sport too, in which you were allowed to try to drown your opponent, and if you lost you were sometimes killed or you had to pay the winner a certain wage. Other water contests included seeing who could hold their breath longer under water and having races in which you were forced into carrying things across water in full armor without help. The swimmers were known as fleotend (www.regia.org/ansaxdat/vocab/). Their want for extreme conditions reminded me of early Romans growing rowdy over gladiators who were also faced against improbable odds. Some of the more fun and interesting games that the English used to play were skin-pulling(www.mun.ca/ansaxdat/). A form of tug-of-war, they used animal skin instead of a rope and they used to play over a fire, which made each man fight even harder not to lose. Though the origins of these words that I have described happened 350-1600 years ago, the actual word has not drastically changed for the most part. These sports and games were a great example of how time changes the words into current understandable words like chess and billiards.It was a great when it happened, for it showed the progress in humans to make changes to something that had been done to them, and it showed how we thought of some new exciting games such as skin pulling and the swimming competitions. All together, the world and its languages benefited between Old England and the Renaissance, helping insure, the growth of the English language. Bibliography:

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Richard III Essays - Richard III Of England, Shakespearean Histories

Richard III Was Richard III a monster or a victim of history? Richard the III was a horrible tyrant who would stop at nothing to commit the most unthinkable acts to get what he wanted. He was a man that would kill his own family and children to obtain his one goal, which was to become the king. I know what I should be easy on the guy he couldn't have been that bad of a guy. Well, you have to forgive me I was really unable to form an opinion of Richard. I saw Shakespeare's adaptation of his life and I was convinced that he was this terrible man. Then I read The Daughter of Time by Josephine Tey. She had a much different perspective on Richard, she explained that in a lot of ways Richard was a good guy. She explains that the events that took place such as the deaths of many of his relatives were just coincidences. In this paper I will explain how we can never trust history and I will use the comparison of these two adaptations of Richard the III. Was Richard the III a horrible man or just a victim of history? There are two sides to every story, on one hand he was a good king that was misunderstood for his methods of becoming a king. On the other he was a horrible tyrant who would do anything to get to the top. This is why we must be so careful about and can't take history for granted. We have two stories of Richard; one Shakespeare's adaptation of the story depicts him as a horrible bloodthirsty maniac. Next we have Josephine Tey's The Daughter of Time which has a much different account of Richards life. For instances, Shakespeare's rendition of Richard was one of a tyrant, an evil hunchback. He would step to any level to become king of England; he killed, lied and stole to reach his goal. On one occasion he killed his brother to seek the hand of his brother's wife. He then went one step further, when she didn't accept his loving hand in marriage he begged her to slay him with the very sword that cut through her beloved husba nds chest. After some dramatics she reluctantly accepted his hand, because she didn't want to kill him and she thought of this gesture as a testament of his love for her. Richard did a lot of other cruel things: along the way he killed his other brother's children to move up the chain of inheritance to secure his right as king. Richard was most hated by his people for killing a boy in the tower; his people saw this as a vicious act of a crazy murdering madman. In contrast, Tey's account of Richard was very different. Richard was described as a victim, turned in to a heathen by the throne. Furthermore, Richard only committed murder only when his personal life had been disrupted. He would kill only in fits of rage, for instance if his wife cheated on him he would kill her for unfaithfulness, or perhaps kill her partner whose action with his wife, had in some way ruined their relationship or the future of his children. Whatever murder he committed would be the result of acute emotion, it wasn't planned. So one could say that he didn't poses the ability to kill the boy in the tower. It would have been a silly murder that Richard had nothing to gain from, therefore Richard was incapable of this murder. I am convinced that Tey's account of Richard's personality is the correct one, because his ideas and theories are well thought out and logical, and he has evidence to back them up. First of all, up until his the moment of his brother's death he seems to have been admirable and devoted to his brother. Second, Richard was known as a very good administrator. He governed the North of England as well as it could be governed . And finally Richard wasn't a hunchback that was a myth, So was the "so called" withered arm. It seems as though, he had no visible deformity, or ones that mattered. So,

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Free Essays on Return With Honor

Return With Honor By: Capt. Scott O’Grady â€Å"Return With Honor† is a book whose author was an American pilot, Scott O’Grady, who was shot down above Yugoslavia in his F-16 fighting falcon. He tells about how he managed to survive and evade capture. He describes the religious trials he went through and what key events took place before, during, and after his ordeal. He begins by explaining how he had become an Air Force pilot, and how he managed to end up in the triple nickel squadron in Italy. On the day he was shot down his commanding officer, â€Å"Wilbur† asked him if he wanted to fly a mission that day. He hadn’t flown a mission all that month so if he flew one that day he would’ve gotten an extra 150$ for hazard pay, he figured why not and agreed. In the locker room he suited up, put on his G-suit, boots, and helmet, but he forgot his flight vest. O’Grady didn’t want to take everything off and put it back on again just for the vest, so he went on and decided to crank up the excellent climate control system in his F-16. He didn’t know how much he would need that extra layer of clothing in the up coming days. On this mission he was to be a wingman for â€Å"Wilbur†. They both took off and headed for Yugoslavian air space. On their trip they switched formations various times and their computers told them constantly that other radar stations were watching them. The both of them ignored the computer’s warning until it told Mr. O’Grady that a missile was tracking him. He looked around for the white trail of smoke and didn’t see the missile. It barely missed him and â€Å"Wilbur†, then he heard another warning that another Surface to Air missile was tracking him. Before he could turn his head the missile slammed directly into the middle of his fuselage. The airplane broke into two halves and he started to plummet towards the ground. O’grady pulled the handle of his ejection suit and rocketed out of his... Free Essays on Return With Honor Free Essays on Return With Honor Return With Honor By: Capt. Scott O’Grady â€Å"Return With Honor† is a book whose author was an American pilot, Scott O’Grady, who was shot down above Yugoslavia in his F-16 fighting falcon. He tells about how he managed to survive and evade capture. He describes the religious trials he went through and what key events took place before, during, and after his ordeal. He begins by explaining how he had become an Air Force pilot, and how he managed to end up in the triple nickel squadron in Italy. On the day he was shot down his commanding officer, â€Å"Wilbur† asked him if he wanted to fly a mission that day. He hadn’t flown a mission all that month so if he flew one that day he would’ve gotten an extra 150$ for hazard pay, he figured why not and agreed. In the locker room he suited up, put on his G-suit, boots, and helmet, but he forgot his flight vest. O’Grady didn’t want to take everything off and put it back on again just for the vest, so he went on and decided to crank up the excellent climate control system in his F-16. He didn’t know how much he would need that extra layer of clothing in the up coming days. On this mission he was to be a wingman for â€Å"Wilbur†. They both took off and headed for Yugoslavian air space. On their trip they switched formations various times and their computers told them constantly that other radar stations were watching them. The both of them ignored the computer’s warning until it told Mr. O’Grady that a missile was tracking him. He looked around for the white trail of smoke and didn’t see the missile. It barely missed him and â€Å"Wilbur†, then he heard another warning that another Surface to Air missile was tracking him. Before he could turn his head the missile slammed directly into the middle of his fuselage. The airplane broke into two halves and he started to plummet towards the ground. O’grady pulled the handle of his ejection suit and rocketed out of his...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Game Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Game Theory - Research Paper Example Game theory is useful for many purposes. First, one must ask, what is game theory? â€Å"Game theory uses mathematical tools to study situations, called games, involving both conflict and cooperation. Its study was greatly stimulated by the publication in 1944 of the monumental Theory of Games and Economic Behavior by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Before we get into the details of game theory, it is first important to make clear a few definitions. A â€Å"game† consists of a competition between two or more parties, although in decision theory, it is possible to have a one-person game. A â€Å"player† is a party competing in said game. The state is the information known by a player at a certain point during the game. A strategy is a rule which defines how the player will play the game. The payoff is the value assigned to the result of play, i.e., the outcome—the results of which might be distinct for every player. The main concept behind game theory is that, in a game, each player is trying to maximize their resultant payoff. â€Å"The game theoretician is concerned with the mathematical model and with conclusions he can draw from assumptions (in particular about utilities represented by payoffs) that stay put, not with assumptions that capture the entire spectrum of human conflict behavior.† ... with assumptions that capture the entire spectrum of human conflict behavior.†2 At each stage of a game, a wide array of moves is presented to each player. Then, they each decide the move that would be the best choice, to the best of their knowledge, in order to achieve the highest payoff. There are always rules for selecting the proper moves at any point in a game which can be figured out before a game is played—which is called a strategy. Subsequently, it also follows that a game which is very complex, involving many decisions at varying stages can be represented by the strategy of each player. But, the result of any particular strategy really depends on the other players’ moves. Someone on the defensive might be able to calculate the lowest payoff or end result for each strategy (presuming that the particular strategy is somewhat of a secret), selecting the strategy that would result in the best (or highest) payoff. Basically, it is worth noting that one should account for the fact that many players will try to act as rationally as possible, hopefully making corollary decisions which would be deemed ration. To such an end, the main goal is to find a certain set of strategies (one per player) that maximizes each player’s payoff. However, such a selection of strategies should probably be rejected if it is not equilibrium. Equilibrium is basically reached when none of the players can attain a higher payoff by way of utilizing a different strategy, given the decisive actions of the other players. The model which has thus far been described is pretty abstract, although, technically speaking, this theory can be applied to a quite huge range of scenarios—and could be thusly applied to warfare, business, sports, or even politics. Truly, the possible uses of game

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Critique of Thomas Friedman's Article It's a Flat World, After All Term Paper

Critique of Thomas Friedman's Article It's a Flat World, After All - Term Paper Example The author started the article with the explanation of the various globalisation eras. According to the author, globalization has been categorized into three phases. The first period of globalization was from 1492 to 1800. During this period, globalization of world resources helped in shrinking the world from large to medium size (Headrick, 2000). The second phase of globalization was from 1800 to 2000 where the world shrunk from medium to small, as a result of globalization of labour and market forces. The third phase of globalization which started from 2000 has seen a drastic shift in the driving forces. It is a comprehensive mix where not only the big players but smaller enterprises are also influencing the globalisation process (Webster, 2005). Most of the parts of first and second globalisations were motivated by American and European economies and countries. But in case of third globalisation phase, it is mostly influenced by individuals and diversified businesses. When the aut hor is saying that the world is flat, he signifies that innovation can take place without emigration. The author has sarcastically explained the idea of cross-cultural businesses and the emergence of new IT hubs such as India. The first part of the article is an eye-opener. It clearly explains the current situation where the Americans and other western countries are no longer the only influencing forces. Today, the western countries are competing with the eastern counterparts. Earlier, even after having required skills and knowledge, employees and workers from developing countries were left out in terms of proper opportunities. With the advent of globalisation, the scenario has changed and so are the available options. In the second phase, the author describes the various forces that helped in flattening the world. In the year 1989 the Berlin Wall came down. According to author and many other eminent writes, this was the first mark of globalisation (Gang, Rivera-Batiz and Yun, 2010) . As the fall of the Berlin wall symbolised economic freedom for Germany in the year 1995, Netscape was announced public.  

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Service recovery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Service recovery - Essay Example The first thing that a service provider should do is take the whole responsibility for the breakdown (hope and Muhlemann). For example, instead of saying, â€Å"It was not our fault†, he should say, â€Å"We are sorry and we shall see what we can do.† Apologies are a very important part of system recovery. He should make the customer feel that he is being understood and will be attended. Next, he should take immediate actions to solve the problem, and should call back the customer every now and then so that he does not feel that he is being kept waiting. If the client is too hard, the provider can use sentences like, â€Å"What can we do to make you comfortable?† How a provider deals with a difficult client is very important for a successful service recovery. A follow up call is very central after the system has been recovered to help maintain the stability of the relationship with the client. Works Cited Fitzsimmons, James A., and Mona J. Fitzsimmons. Service Ma nagement: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology. USA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2006. Hope, Christine, and Alan Muhlemann. Service Operations Management: Strategy, Design, and Delivery. USA: Prentice Hall, 1997.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Advanced technology in speech-based interfaces

Advanced technology in speech-based interfaces Abstract Speech-based interfaces are not new to computing, they have been relatively underused as an efficient and effective method of human and computer interaction. The technology has been of great interest over the past few years, although there are still significant improvements and possibilities for the future. This paper investigates current usages and standards of the technology and what contributions are being made. The paper also identifies some possible future uses of Speech-based interfaces, and possible future benefits of this technology, when compared to current methods and certain types of users. Speech-based interfaces are not new to computing, they have been relatively underused as an efficient and effective method of human and computer interaction. A background to the technology is included and it is described how the need for natural language and speech interfaces increased, and there became a need for standardisation, and the standard VoiceXML was released. From this standard other technologies were born, including a combination of XHTML and VoiceXML to develop Internet applications with a speech-based interface. These technologies combined with web and car technologies have provided an opportunity for voice controller motor vehicle control in the near future. While this technology has been designed to help the average person be more efficient, with some small changes there can be benefits to be gained from elderly users and disabled users as well. With every new technology there exist problems which will be discussed as well, and this will lead to a conclusion summarisi ng points and justifying the benefits. Natural language interfaces are an important part of Human Computer Interaction, as the number of telephones in the world still outnumbers of computers and therefore natural language is more widely used than a mouse or keyboard. To smooth the progress of exchanges between humans and machines the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has published a recommendation for vocal interaction language based on XML, which allows interactions on many interfaces including Internet applications by using XHTML combined with VoiceXML. Because VoiceXML uses the HTTP protocol to communicate it is possible for a VoiceXML telephone gateway to communicate with a web server, in this type of environment the web server is providing a response to a user on a telephone and bridging the gap between phone and Internet. This is supported by the World Wide Web Consortium (2010): The telephone was invented more than 150 years ago, and continues to be a very important means for us to communicate with each other. The Web by comparison is very recent, but has rapidly become a competing communications channel. The convergence of telecommunications and the Web is now bringing the benefits of Web technology to the telephone, enabling Web developers to create applications that can be accessed via any telephone, and allowing people to interact with these applications via speech and telephone keypads (p. 1). VoiceXML is becoming a standard for Human-Computer audio, with speech synthesis and recognition of spoken input. This technology brings the ability to have a natural conversation as an Internet and content manipulation interface. An automated phone system with VoiceXML also has the ability to understand or translate multiple languages. The popularity is increasing as major companies such as IBM, HP and Motorola are now supporting and using VoiceXML. A major goal is to bring the advantages of web-based development and content delivery to interactive voice response applications (Rouillard, 2007, p. 27). XHTML + Voice (X+V) are a technology for describing visual and audio web pages, visual interaction is described by XHTML and auditory interaction is described by VoiceXML. Enabling users to have a HTML display of a website, with the ability to navigate and use the site by voice or by traditional methods of input. Until recently XHTML and VoiceXML (X+V) functionality had not been implemented by major Internet browser companies, instead it had been used by small companies with government grants and been talked about as a possible future technology. Currently the Opera web browser offers native support for XHTML and VoiceXML, it will also attempt voice interaction with standard XHTML pages. While Internet Explorer and Firefox still do not have native support for XHTML and VoiceXML, although third party extensions and add-ons have been created. Opera Software ASA say, any ordinary browser command can be done by voice, such as navigating to, and following the next link in a document, goin g to the next slide in an Opera Show presentation, or logging on to a password protected Website (p. 1). XHTML and VoiceXML offer an increased opportunity with Opera web browser now being installed in Ford vehicles, for a speech-based interface to enable eye-free and hands-free computer interaction while driving. This technology could potentially control dash-panel and computer systems via speech-based interfaces, enable users functionality from changing the temperature of the heater to sending emails by voice while driving a car. Opera Software ASA say, This solution will allow Ford truck and van owners to maintain a virtual work environment with access to all of the important files, information and applications they need on a daily basis (p. 1). Because XML is a dynamic and universal language overseen by the W3C, it means that XML based technologies such as VoiceXML are not limited to Internet applications. The same piece of XML can be used for various applications and imported into other applications if they support it, and there is no reason why VoiceXML cannot be the same in the future as well. Mobile phones for some time have had the ability to read text messages and email messages aloud to the user, which could be beneficial for visually impaired persons and persons operating a vehicle. Text-to-speech software reads the text on the screen aloud in a natural sounding voice, giving you convenient access to phone menus and functions, short messages, e-mail messages (Nokia, n.d., p. 1). Using VoiceXML based technology it is entirely possible for a user to read a text message aloud to the mobile phone, the phone translate this to textual content and sends it via the SMS service. This may sound silly at first, due to the tech nology to be able to call someone and say it verbally without a computer translating the words into text for you. Although this would give businesses a greater ability to stay in contact while on the move, as text messaging is used extensively in business and preferred in some cases depending on the message being sent. This could also provide a solution to a major problem with cellular phones, which is texting while driving. In principle a technology that allows a user to drive and sent text messages safely while talking to their cell phone will save lives and make lives easier. Talking to a passenger or singing to the radio has not been noted as a significant cause of crashes, which are very similar functions to verbalising a text message. Government officials arent the only ones getting on the texting ban-wagon. TV talk show host Oprah Winfrey has launched a national television and Internet campaign to encourage people to commit to putting their cell phones away while driving (Hat tiesburg American, 2010, p. 1). As technology has progressed, people have continuously sought after smaller and smaller devices with greater detail and speed. Technology has reached the point where the input devices themselves are holding back the device from becoming any smaller. Voice interaction can escape the physical limitations on keypads and displays as mobile devices become ever smaller (World Wide Web Consortium, 2010, p. 5). With a global aging population it is important that we enable and help elderly people to function and live as independently as technology will allow. Elderly people may be able to benefit by the advancement of speech-based technologies, but to first understand how they could benefit, it is important to understand their characteristics. The human interfaces to most computer systems for general use have been designed, either deliberately or by default, for a typical, younger user (Gregor, P., Newell, A. F., 2001, p. 1). Elderly people can be crudely generalised into three groups: fit older people, frail older people and older people with long term disabilities. Fit older people can be described as those who appear or do not consider themselves disabled. Frail older people who would be considered as disabled and have one or more difficulties, including at least one that impairs their functionality in some way. The elderly who have had a long-term disability throughout their life that ha s affected the aging process and their ability to function is dependent on declining functions. Other aspects to keep into consideration are the variability in physical, sensory and cognitive abilities with the elderly, as one size does not fit all in this situation. Another aspect is the variations in ability to operate a computer system due to disabilities, impairments and learning capabilities. Gregor and Newell (2001) conclude: In general, as people grow older their abilities change. This process of change includes a decline over time in the cognitive, physical and sensory functions, and each of these will decline at different rates relative to one another for each individual. This pattern of capabilities varies widely between individuals, and as people grow older, this variability increases. In addition, any given individuals capabilities vary in the short term due, for example, to temporary decrease in, or loss of, function due to a variety of causes including illness, blood sugar levels and state of arousal (p. 2). Interfaces for older people need to have a greater diversity of functionality when compared to a younger group, to meet the greater needs. By providing a speech based interface as an option for operating a computer, it is dependent on a function that most people have used their entire lives and is reliant on a function that is not considered to dramatically decrease with age. This can also enable them to use a computer system with a telephone as described previously with VoiceXML capabilities, for those who are intimidated by technology and the thought of using a computer. Finally the interface designed needs to use general terms over technical terms, for example moving to the main section rather than clicking on the home link. Most systems and interfaces are designed for typical healthy or high functioning users, when compared with users with disabilities that can have difficulties using a standard keyboard or mouse. It is important with the growth of the Internet and technology that disabled users are not left out, and that they are able to access these resources if they choose, or if it could benefit their lives. There may be situations where a computer application could benefit the life of somebody with a handicap, but they cannot use a computer due to motor-function restrictions. This demonstrates the need for hands-free or eye-free computer access and includes two main groups, visually impaired users and motor-handicapped. The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) works with organizations around the world to develop strategies, guidelines, and resources to help make the Web accessible to people with disabilities (Web Accessibility Initiative, 2009, p. 1). Many applications and web browsers are developed to assist people with disabilities, although many of them have been quietly withdrawn leaving broken links or on the occasion that the system is still available for download it may have been abandoned and not maintained anymore. An important aspect of developing voice applications for handicapped users is that they may want to use voice control in combination with other interfaces such as a joystick or other aid devices. The aim of speech systems is generally naturalness and to copy conversations that we have had our entire lives, but in the case of users with disabilities it may be more beneficial to aim for learn-ability over naturalness. For example instead of saying activate microphone or something technical to activate the microphone, saying Wake Up: un-mutes the microphone and turns on the light in left side (Brondsted Aaskoven, 2005, p.4). Technology is currently heading toward eye-free and hands-free access of systems, for purposes such as accessing a computer while driving a car or making us more productive. The same base technology is required to support speech based services for disabled users, but the difference of needs when interacting are very different. We generally would prefer to speak to a computer in a turn based communication like we have when we are talking to other human beings, although as an aid for using systems or interface for disabled users it would be more beneficial to use command driven voice systems using non-technical terms. While still using human to human terms, such as wake-up and sleep which even severely mentally disabled users would understand. There are people with mental disabilities so severe that they are unable to understand wake-up or sleep, but they are highly unlikely to have any need for a computer, as they are more concerned with surviving day to day. The VoiceXML standard has ensured a guideline for developing voice applications, but there are currently no standards for the development environments or interfaces. This means that the layout and functionality from development environments will be completely different, and the code generated by the development environments will not necessarily be compatible, as the two different development environments will generate completely different tags and formats. Building spoken applications from scratch can take a long period of time, and several different frameworks and technologies. As VoiceXML works with predetermined grammar, which can be troublesome in the development of some applications. But by combining the VoiceXML platform with independent systems for voice recognition, it is possible to increase its capacities of understanding. VoiceXML is great step toward speech and voice based interfaces, but it has a lot of work to become a complete framework for developing speech applicatio ns. Accordingly, a great deal of emphasis has been placed on the development of toolkits and environments that hide some of this complexity and allow developers to rapidly prototype and deploy speech-based applications. (Bennett Llitjod Shriver Rudnicky Black, 2002, p. 1). Natural speech-based interfaces can provide a known and familiar interface for interacting with computer systems, because we spend our lives conversing with other people and communicating over the telephone. Current technology makes it possible to interact with a website or computer application via a telephone and it is possible to translate the language spoken for the system, and translate a response back to the user. The ability to use a generic markup language like VoiceXML with applications such as XHTML is a leap forward in creating an Internet that can be accessible via speech-based interfaces. This enables future technology such as voice controlled functions of a motor vehicle and improved cell phone speech interface. One of the most significant impacts of this technology is the ability for elderly people to use a function is not known for degeneration as a computing interface. This will also enable users who are new to computers but familiar with telephones to use a computer more easily. Many disabled people struggle to maintain their independence, with motor function restrictions that prevents them from using a computer effectively. With the ability for disabled people to manipulate programs and browse the Internet with a speech interface, it could help them maintain their freedom and independence. As with all new technologies, there are severe problems that a solution must be found for before this technology can take off; this includes a standard for a complete framework rather than just a markup language providing grammar and large vocabulary support. It is concluded that speech-based interfaces currently, and will continue to, provide benefits in the advancement of the technology, providing that the right people get access to this technology and not just the average user who is happy to type. References Bennett, C., Llitjod, A. F., Shriver, S., Rudnicky, A., Black, A.W. (2002). Building voicexml-based applications. Paper presented at the7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing September 2002, Denver, Colorado, United States of America. Retrieved February 19, 2010, from http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~awb/papers/ICSLP2002/voicexml.pdf Brondsted, T., Aaskoven, E. (2005). Voice-controlled internet browsing for motor-handicapped users. Design and Implementation Issues, Interspeech 2005. doi:10.1.1.65.3974 Gregor, P., Newell, A. F. (2001). Designing for Dynamic Diversity Making accessible interfaces for older people. In J. Jorge., R. Heller., R. Guedj (Eds.). Proceedings of 2001 EC/NSF Workshop on Universal Accessibility of Ubiquitous Computing: Providing for the Elderly: 22-25 May 2001, Alcacer do Sal, Portugal. Dunhee: University of Dunhee. Hattiesburg American. (2010). Texting while driving deadly at any age. Retrieved March 1, from 2010 from http://www.hattiesburgamerican.com/article/20100221/OPINION01/2210304/Texting-while-driving-deadly-at-any-age Opera Software ASA. (2010). Opera Tutorials. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http://www.opera.com/browser/tutorials/voice/using/ Opera Software ASA. (2009). Opera brings full web browsing to new ford trucks and vans. Retrieved March 3, 2010 from http://www.opera.com/press/releases/2009/04/02_2/ Nokia. (n.d.). Nokia accessibility: Text to speech. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http://www.nokiaaccessibility.com/tts.html Rouillard, J. (2007) Web services and speech-based applications around voicexml. Journal of Networks, 2(1), 27-35. Web Accessibility Initiative. (2009). About WAI. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http://www.w3.org/WAI/about-links.html World Wide Web Consortium. (2010). W3C voice browser working group. Retrieved March 1, 2010 from http://www.w3.org/Voice/

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Emergence of Venture Capital in Western Europe vs the United States :: essays research papers fc

Emergence of Venture Capital in Western Europe vs the United States Table of contents 1 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1 2 The nature of venture capital  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.1 Definition of venture capital  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.2 (Ad)venturers of the past  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.3 How venture capital works  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.4 For innovation a vehicle is needed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.5 Venture capital helps create vehicles for innovation  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.6 Realization of financial returns  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 3 Screening and evaluation process  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.1 Strategies and objectives of venture capitalists  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.2 Screening and decision making process  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.3 Decision to invest  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.4 Deal structuring  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9 4 The development of venture capital in Western Europe  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.1 General  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.2 Environmental factors influencing innovation  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11 5 Interview  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  17 6 Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  20 Bibliography  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  21 1 Introduction The phenomenon that is now called venture capital developed after World War II in the United States. Many returning soldiers were unwilling to take back their old jobs and started out on their own. Moreover the war had produced many technological innovations and ideas that could be put to civilian use. Facilities and machines used in the war production had become unnecessary and were often available at bargain prices. The post war economy expanded fast and offered many business opportunities. It was in this environment that many new enterprises started and needed capital. The first European venture capitalists appeared in the 60’s following the U.S.A. example. In the 80’s the venture capital industry in Europe had reached a level comparable to this industry in the United States during the 50’s (Bygrave, and Timmons, 1992). The purpose of this paper is to explain why the venture capital industry in Western Europe has developed so many years later than in the United States. In chapter two the nature of venture capital will be discussed. The definition and the history of venture capital will be given and how venture capital works will be discussed. For a better understanding of venture capital, in chapter three, the screening and evaluation process to analyse investment possibilities and to take investment decisions will be discussed. In chapter four, the factors influencing the development of venture capital and the causes of the later development of the industry in Western Europe will be explained. Also a brief summary is given of venture capital today in Western Europe based on an interview with a venture capitalist. In chapter five an interview with a venture capitalist about the changes in venture capital in the Netherlands is given. Finally, in chapter six a summary of the paper will be given. 2 The nature of venture capital 2.1 Definition of venture capital Dictionaries describe ‘venture’ as an undertaking that is dangerous, daring, and of uncertain outcome. At a venture means at stake. Emergence of Venture Capital in Western Europe vs the United States :: essays research papers fc Emergence of Venture Capital in Western Europe vs the United States Table of contents 1 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1 2 The nature of venture capital  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.1 Definition of venture capital  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.2 (Ad)venturers of the past  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.3 How venture capital works  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.4 For innovation a vehicle is needed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.5 Venture capital helps create vehicles for innovation  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2.6 Realization of financial returns  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 3 Screening and evaluation process  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.1 Strategies and objectives of venture capitalists  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.2 Screening and decision making process  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.3 Decision to invest  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.4 Deal structuring  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9 4 The development of venture capital in Western Europe  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.1 General  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.2 Environmental factors influencing innovation  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11 5 Interview  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  17 6 Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  20 Bibliography  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  21 1 Introduction The phenomenon that is now called venture capital developed after World War II in the United States. Many returning soldiers were unwilling to take back their old jobs and started out on their own. Moreover the war had produced many technological innovations and ideas that could be put to civilian use. Facilities and machines used in the war production had become unnecessary and were often available at bargain prices. The post war economy expanded fast and offered many business opportunities. It was in this environment that many new enterprises started and needed capital. The first European venture capitalists appeared in the 60’s following the U.S.A. example. In the 80’s the venture capital industry in Europe had reached a level comparable to this industry in the United States during the 50’s (Bygrave, and Timmons, 1992). The purpose of this paper is to explain why the venture capital industry in Western Europe has developed so many years later than in the United States. In chapter two the nature of venture capital will be discussed. The definition and the history of venture capital will be given and how venture capital works will be discussed. For a better understanding of venture capital, in chapter three, the screening and evaluation process to analyse investment possibilities and to take investment decisions will be discussed. In chapter four, the factors influencing the development of venture capital and the causes of the later development of the industry in Western Europe will be explained. Also a brief summary is given of venture capital today in Western Europe based on an interview with a venture capitalist. In chapter five an interview with a venture capitalist about the changes in venture capital in the Netherlands is given. Finally, in chapter six a summary of the paper will be given. 2 The nature of venture capital 2.1 Definition of venture capital Dictionaries describe ‘venture’ as an undertaking that is dangerous, daring, and of uncertain outcome. At a venture means at stake.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Was Napoleon Was Despot, Revolutionary or Both?

James C Grade 12 W. W history 1/15/12 Was napoleon a revolutionary, despot or both ? The question ponders through the mind of hundreds: Was Napoleon a revolutionary, despot or was he both? The information provided shows he was both a revolutionary and a despot. Here are the four main points: he was a prominent figure, taking initiative in leaving France, explaining how he started out, and how he betrayed the French revolution. Napoleon Bonaparte was a prominent figure during the French revolution. Napoleons legacy as a leader showed him as a skilled administrator who used his intelligence not only to navigate the French, but he also aided other countries through many hard fought battles. Napoleon was distinguished military man that carried the burden of his territory with great courage until the day he died. When he left France he was in his early 20’s and went back home to the Mediterranean island of Corsica, during the French revolution. When he got to Corsica he joined Pasqual Paoli who was a freedom fighter, and a revolutionist. Through this move, Napoleon succeeded in becoming a lieutenant-colonel of the national guard of Corsica in 1792. Even though Napoleon was a revolutionary, he didn’t approve of the way France was going crazy during the revolution. Napoleon came into power and then put a stop to the revolution in 1799. Even though Napoleon started out as a revolutionary he certainly became a despot once he was in charge of France. Napoleon introduced strict censorship and imprisonment without trail although there were elected legislative bodies under his regime. Legislative bodies had virtually no power and Napoleon ruled almost entirely by imperial decree. Napoleon influenced by roman law he gave immense power to male heads of the family. Napoleon deprived women of all their right they gained in the revolutionary decade. As shown in many other examples before and after Napoleon, he may have started out as a revolutionary but he eventually became a despot. Whether that made him a dictator or not is matter of semantics. Napoleon also betrayed the French revolution at the same time as being a revolutionary. If he betrayed the revolution, then he betrayed the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity. The ideals rather than realities that allegedly betrayed. The reality of the French revolution is 8 periods of constant change and successions of polices and leaders. With each new leader and party bringing amendments to the revolution. Napoleons â€Å"coupd’e tat of 18 brumaire was in insurance against both Jacobin revolutionist and royalist restoration. The French people expected him to bring back peace, order and to consolidate the political and social conquest of the revolution. Napoleon considers this conquest to be â€Å"the sacred rights of property, equality and liberty. † Napoleon also seized control of island greates cycecs to France and churches. This is the answer to the question that ponders on peoples mind: Was Napoleon a revolutionary, despot or was he both? The information provided above shows that Napoleon was both and not just revolutionary or despot.

Friday, November 8, 2019

art12012222

art12012222 Martin lizamaNovember, 10, 2014IntroductionFor this paper I have chosen to write about Jacopo Tintoretto painting called "The Origin of the Milky Way". The painting is currently in the National Gallery in London. The reason I picked to write about this one in particular is, I'm really fascinated with Greek mythology. I went online and visited a lot of websites with different kinds of art that had to do with Greek mythology, Out of all the paintings this one really caught my eye. I think it had to do with the colors they really pop out. The painting is well done and has already become one of my favorites. I have taken the virtual tour online and it looks really nice, I hope one day I get lucky enough to go see the original in person, and witness its close details, and well used mixture of colors.When I first saw this painting I really wanted to know the story behind it. Greek mythology always has its stories, I find them interesting. I decided to go out and find the story behind Jacop o Tintoretto's painting.Name: The origin of the Milky WayArtist: Jacopo TintorettoDate/ Location: 1575, National Galley LondonJacopo Tintoretto was an Italian painter born 1518 a notable exponent of the Renaissance school. Tintoretto's family name was Robusti, but it later changed when he took his father's profession of dyer which is tintore in Italian. That is where the name Tintoretto comes from. He is the eldest of 21 children. As a kid his father noticed his skill for painting, and took him to studio of Titian to see how far he could be trained to become an artist. Tintoretto's spent most of his life in Venice. He was mostly influenced by...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

what is enlightenment essays

what is enlightenment essays What is Enlightenment? In the eighteenth century in France Britain and Germany a general intellectual move towards greater reliance on the human sciences and their relevance to the boundaries of existing knowledge began. This movement was referred to as "The Enlightenment". As the name suggests the movement set out to shed a greater on humanity, human nature and the nature of existence. A great desire was shared to determine the extent of our knowledge of the world and for ways to gain a greater This movement relied on a mass rejection of tradition and already called for the removal of all established conceptions and prejudices commonly held. The Catholic Church, and indeed all religions came under heavy scrutiny and rejection due to their all pervasive grip on all matters educational, scientific and philosophical. Religious morals and guidelines also came to be Science, logic and rationalism became the principal tools of philosophy in this era as was evidenced by the new methods employed in argument, Tradition in all its forms, be it religious or scientific was eschewed in favour of a clean slate from which to begin re-assessing what we can know. Although Descartes was the first Philosopher to employ reason as a tool and Francis Bacon greatly influenced Enlightenment thought it is John Locke, an English Protestant philosopher based in Amsterdam who is perceived to be the father figure of this movement. In France a legion of intellectuals known as the philosophes became a phenomena, and globally thinkers such as Hume and Kant helped define the enlightenment movement. In order to understand what the Enlightenment is one must consider the historical period it influenced and took its influence from. The enlightenment took place against a historical background of momentous cultural change. The reformation of the fifteenth century and ...

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 30

Journal - Assignment Example She was sometimes exposed to sex, and sometimes to sex abstinence, write Tasca et al. (110-119). It was in the second millennium BC that this condition started being studied as a disease in medicine with little scientific innovation. Theories proposed by Galen were the only scientific therapies that contributed to the study of this disease (Tasca et al. 110). In the 20th century, several studies were conducted to determine the risk factors for this disease so that actual solution could be reached. Hence, our views of female gender made the origin of this disease a wrong one, since we associated it with female weakness brought about by supernatural or demonological factors. This pseudo-scientific prejudice and our biased views regarding female gender misinterpreted and misunderstood this mental disorder, which is now considered as a proper mental illness that can be improved and corrected by proper therapies and

Friday, November 1, 2019

Business Systems Analysis and Design Coursework

Business Systems Analysis and Design - Coursework Example As a result to this change we had to come up with a system to help the Buckie Company in collecting this information. The system was to incorporate both a database and was supposed to web based. Scope The system is supposed to allow for the recording of different equipment that the company uses. It is also supposed to allow for the different reporting as stipulated by the owner. Overview The project maintains two levels of users:- 1. Administrators Level: Managers 2. User Level: Data Entry Operator System Analysis Analysis of the system was carried out by prior studying the existing manual system within the organization. Questionnaires were given to the different people who were involved in the running of the manual system. People were first told the importance of the new system and why they needed to answer the questions correctly. The management was involved in coming up with the requirement of the system. Here, they were asked to give suggestions of how the system should look like and the functionalities it is supposed to give. After collecting these requirements, the team visited a neighboring company that had a similar system to learn how it was working. We learnt the flaws in the system so that we would not repeat the same mistakes in the system. This led to coming up with the requirement of the system. ... Maintaining records of Electricity at Work. 2. Maintaining records on Hygiene inspections. 3. Records of gas equipments and pressure after they are tested. 4. Record on all the stocks annually. Main reports that the system is supposed to give. 1. Annual reports on all the stock available at the close of the year. 2. Producing a schedule of inspections to carried out and record the outcome each month. 3. A monthly report of inspections is made and equipment status after the inspection. Goals of the proposed system 1. Improved on a planned way for the company to carry out its activities- Due to the structured way of the system workers will be forced to follow a certain procedure while carrying out the different activities. This will make sure any activity does not skip any of the stipulated steps. 2. Accuracy- The system will ensure the record on the inventory is correct because of the need of passwords and usernames before any person makes any changes within the system. This will ensu re that no items that can be removed from within the system due to fear of being identified on the auditing period. 3. Reliability- the system will be reliable because there will be data backup from system each day on the close of the business. This will ensure no data loss happens in the future in case of fires or any malicious damage by any worker. 4. Storage of a large amount of information allowing for data mining; The system will ensure data from different years will be available allowing easier analyzing of data in future. This analysis would be cheaper if everything had been stored on papers. 5. Easy to operate- easiness will be ensured in the system because of usage of the graphical user interface. This will ensure workers with only basic

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Campbell's targets growing make grocery shopping Case Study

Campbell's targets growing make grocery shopping - Case Study Example The role of classical conditioning also comes into play at this stage. The advertisement acts as a conditioned stimulus (role of shopping performed by men) and the target audience is exposed to this advertisement to elicit the conditioned response (men go out to shop). Table A reveals that both men and women tend to buy less variety so as to reduce the number of items purchased. In general, both genders do not make a list of the specific brands they intend to buy. More than half; 56% men and 51% women list only the categories they have to buy. Neither men nor women choose products because they fetch discounts on loyalty cards. However 33% men and 36% women buy store brands to save money. A vast majority of shoppers; 73% men and 78 % women rely on previous usage and experience while selecting brands. Very few shoppers base their choice on product label and packaging. More women (43%) tend to shop for ‘all-purpose’ cleaning supplies than men (31%). Women also have a tendency to look at a store circular (59%) and make additional unplanned purchases (54%). On the other hand, 49% of the males go through a store circular and only 44% make unplanned purchases. List making behavior, especially making list based on ingredients needed for recipes, elicits pretty divergent behavior between the two genders. 46% of the women make such lists as against 33% males. A lot of women (52%) select brands on the basis of coupons picked up from home as compared to 40% of the males who base their purchase decision on this parameter. If a product is requested by a household member, 44% of women pick it up while only 30% of the males do so. The aforesaid discussion suggests that marketers of packaged-goods grocery items should have their products and brands listed on the circulars in the stores since 49% of the men tend to read such circulars. The advertising objective should be to make the brand synonymous with the product category since 56% of the men mention only

Monday, October 28, 2019

Potter’s observation Essay Example for Free

Potter’s observation Essay Potter’s observation that people’s attitudes toward upholding laws is commensurate with amount of approval they have for those laws has a lot of merit (Potter 1976). Indeed, evidence to back Potter’s theory can be seen in Dread Scott v. Sanford. Seven of the nine justices on the court had been appointed by southerners, while only two members, Peter Daniel and Benjamin Curtis, were appointed by a northern president. Every justice but Curtis had been appointed by a Democratic president. All of the southerners were in favor of slavery. Meanwhile, so were two of the northerners. The only two members of the court, who were not pro-slavery, were Curtis and John McLean (Blanchard 2005). For instance, Justice Catron argues passionately against repealing the article of the treaty of 1803, which gave Louisiana to the United States. â€Å"Because it is protected by the constitution,† he says, â€Å"it cannot be repealed. † Yet, he does not argue that, because the bill of rights grants men the right to liberty, no one can oppose Scott’s liberty. He supports the parts of the constitution he agrees with, but fails to fight for the parts he does not support(United States Supreme Court 2009). Meanwhile, Justice Curtis, a northerner against slavery, argued for the constitutionality of states’ bans on slavery and on the Missouri Compromise. Unlike Catron, he was morally opposed to slavery and thus opposed upholding the Dred Scott decision(United States Supreme Court 2009). Justice McLean’s dissent provides more proof of Potter’s theory. Indeed, he argues that the court is wrong to rule against Scott, as Sanford has merely argued that Scott’s parents were slaves. The plaintiff, he says, offered no proof to show that Scott himself was not a free man or a citizen of Missouri. Furthermore, the court never cited any precedents in ruling against Scott, he said. McLean, then, was another Northerner against slavery, and he voted in favor of Scott, rather than Sanford. This would seem to give credence to Potter’s observation (United States Supreme Court 2009). Bibliography Blanchard, Kenneth. The Case. February 7, 2005. http://web. archive. org/web/20041116095630/etech. northern. edu/blanchak/pols330/the_case. htm (accessed January 24, 2009). Potter, David M. The Impending Crisis: 1848-1861. New York: Harper Collins, 1976. United States Supreme Court. Dread Scott v. Sanford: Mr. Justice Catron concurring. 2009. http://www. tourolaw. edu/patch/scott/Catron. asp (accessed January 24, 2009). —. Dread Scott v. Sanford: Mr. Justice Curtis dissenting. 2009. http://www. tourolaw. edu/patch/scott/Curtis. asp (accessed January 24, 2009). —. Dread Scott v. Sanford: Mr. Justice McClean dissenting. 2009. http://www. tourolaw. edu/patch/scott/McClean. asp (accessed January 24, 2009). .

Saturday, October 26, 2019

How Americans Have Fought War Throughout History Essay -- American War

War is an art form. Everything from the tactics of battle to the uniforms to the weapons to the soldiers, every part has a certain role to play. From the very beginnings of war, there have been those societies that have excelled. Take the Spartans of ancient Rome. Considered by some as the greatest warriors of all time, these human war machines were bred for war. Boys were taken at young ages and taught the art of war until it became part of their soul. Then there were the Mongols. These fierce Central Asian steppe peoples dominated the Asian mainland for nearly a century. Fast forward a few years and the British Empire takes form, and sea warfare is perfected by the British Royal Navy. Now it seems as though America has become the world standard for military power. In its short history of war, America has employed the use of innovative tactics and controversial strategies, all of which were necessary for American victory. America’s first war, its war for independence included the use of a new strategy. American militia men, knowing they were overwhelmingly outmatched by the British Army, used a form of guerilla warfare in order to defeat the British. The colonists would launch surprise attacks on the unsuspecting British, catching them by surprise and sometimes defeating them (Kraplin 5). This was a step away from the form of warfare the British were used to. There were many other tactics the colonists used that the British were not used to, as well. The militiamen would often hide behind trees and fire upon the British soldiers as they marched by (5). This was also new to the British soldiers, who were used to facing an enemy on an open field, lining up, and firing away. This strategy also fit into the form of a g... ...y of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI, 1968. Pike, John. "Napalm." Globalsecurity.org. N.p., 27 Nov 2005. Web. 23 May 2010. Preston, Anthony, Decisive Battles of the Pacific War. Chartwell Book, Seacus, NJ, 1979. Roth, David E., The Civil War. Quadrillion Publishing. 1992 Simkin, John, Chemical Warfare, n. pag., Web. 14 Mar 2010 http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/VNchemical.html Thomson, Sir Robert. War in Peace. London, England: Orbis Publishing Ltd., 1981. 181-168. Print. US Dept. of Energy, . "The Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima."US Department of Energy: Office of Heritage and History. US Department of Energy, n.d. Web . 20 May 2010. . Weigley, Russel F., The American Way of War. Indiana University Press. Bloomington, IN, 1973.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Juveniles and Crime

Juveniles and Crimes Brandi Haney CJS/200 Sean Wallace March 3, 2013 Juveniles and Crimes Information Juveniles commit a lot of crimes and much of it is because of influences and or surrounded lifestyles. Majority of the crimes committed by juveniles are violent crimes but the main ones involve drug abuse and simple assault. Juveniles account for 17 percent of all arrest according to the FBI and 15 percent of those arrest were due to violent crimes. ( Juvenile Crime, 2001 2003)Overall the crimes rates have decreased, but the females who were under 18 and minorities had higher crime rats than men did and they were the contributing factor to the majority of the arrest. In 2001 there was an increase in drug abuse violations. Increase of violations would mean an increase arrest rate and also no decrease in the crime rate. It would only add to it. The all time high for simple assault was in 2001 and females made up 28 percent of all juvenile arrest. Males were only 8 percent of the overal l juvenile arrest.The juvenile arrest that happened involved primarily white youth. The y accounted many Hispanics as white youth as well. JUVENILE AND ADULTS COURTS Juveniles Court Juveniles courts vary majorly from adults courts. Juveniles process is as listed; detention hearing then fact finding hearing, after that they have the petition and respondent and next they have the adjudication and finally the involved/ delinquent. The juveniles usually and generally will not get a jury. Their court hearings are closed off to the public for the convenience of their privacy and mainly due to their age.Bails are generally not allowed nor set for juveniles/minors. For minors to get out of jail before their entire process is over they must prove to the judge that they are not a flight risk and that they are not a danger or threat to society and their community. When juveniles commit smaller mes a lot of the time they are punished worse than an adult would be for the exact same crime/offense . When a juvenile is punished by probation they are usually put on probation for a longer period than an adult would be.The stipulations to their probation would be a longer list as well. For example they would have to follow a curfew and they would have to respect their parents, and keep their grades up, attend one or more extra curricular activity, and they would have to possibly attend counseling. If they were to break these stipulations than they would have to report to their judge once again and possibly have their probation sentence lengthened or they would get what they call a probation violation and have to just serve their length of a sentence.For many of the cases on minors and juveniles being found delinquent and serving your time with no breaks it a lot of the time is better for them because while their sentence may be long their sentence is only until the are approximately in their twenties and as an adult they would serve a life sentence for some things and â€Å"plea s† may have been even worse. There are time when a juvenile may be tried as an adult. The circumstances would be a felony drug offense, sex crimes, murders, and attempted murders. Between the ages 13 and 17 you can be and have the potential to be tried as an adult and serve an adult term.DELIQUENCY AND STATUS OFFENSES Delinquency is a minor crime committed by the youth (young people). This definition is directed towards the young people but this does not mean that an adult can not be caught or punished for the same crime that a minor will be in trouble for. A status offense is an action prohibited to a specific class of people and mostly is applied to crimes omitted by minors. VARIABLES THAT CORRELATE TO JUVENILE CRIMES While there are many things that correlate to juveniles committing crimes there is in my opinion still no excuses. One thing that correlates to the crimes is child maltreatment.When they child is not taken care of they tend to veer off and find other means of l iving and making ends meet. Another variable is alcoholism and drug use. A parent or parents is a child’s biggest role model and so are their siblings and any other older siblings. If a child grows up always seeing nothing but alcohol around the house and their family getting high off of pills and smoking than they are naturally going to take that lifestyle in and think that it is normal and okay and they will think that everyone else around them lives the same lifestyle.Bullying has in my world been a major variable. Whens someone is bullied they think that they need to find their own happy place and they claim that committing crimes does that for them. For example when a person gets in a fight or steals something and all the attention is turned on them, that is the highlight of their lives because everyone always bullied them. Single or no parent homes is probably one of the biggest variables. Like I mentioned before a parent or parents are a child’s biggest role mod els. A child’s mind is like a sponge and they always play the game of monkey see monkey do.This will never go away even when they are all grown up and moved out. I was a child that was in a single family home and there was nothing I would of ever wanted more than a multi parent home. I needed both of them for different reasons and I never had the choice, which led me in to depression and lack in schooling. There are a few more variables too and they are poverty, gang membership, idolizing criminals, trauma, school dropouts, and truancy. RECOMMENDATION I have many recommendations but the one I want to start with is â€Å"stop letting the juveniles get away with breaks and shorter punishments†.Now that I am all grown up I know that I hated to be punished but in all reality the longer I was punished the more I replayed why I was punished and told myself not to do it anymore. We need consistency. They need to make sure they stick to exactly what they say they are going to do to the child. We need to have better structured probation officers and counselors. Many of them do not care about the well being of the child they are just there to get paid and â€Å"claim† they helped the child. REFRENCES Google. com Studymode. com My step mother a criminal rehabilitator counselor

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

On Face Work Essay

The article â€Å" On Face-Work,† by Erving Goffman, focused on meanings of face, the image of self that individual presents, in a world of social encounters. Once an individual give out his positive self-image to others, should or should not present that oneself-image depend on how he feel about the encounter between him and other participants. When someone is inconsistent with how he projects himself in the society, he may be feel embarrassment or discredited; therefore, the individual protect himself of unfavorable way to others. Face is image of self portray have been expressed to others see and consider. Emotions and feelings become attached to the particular face; so he may have feel good, feel bad or being hurt depends on how his face expresses and how the encounter products. He â€Å"feels good† if the situation proceeds on the way, which he expected to be, whereas if his expectations are not fulfill, his feeling turns bad. Beside, â€Å"rule of the group and the definition of the situation† determine importance in how face and image of self are viewed because it is not only response to others, but one’s own emotion lead encounter. What someone say, or how they say it can change how a face is seen from another eyes. So, a person may implicate his own immediate and spontaneous face, which creates image and feeling itself without conscious considerations, to other participants. Internally consistent face, involves judgments and evidence from other, is one whereby the person is in maintain face. It is not only actions of one person, but also the view of participants â€Å"in the flow of events in the encounter†; that is maintained. Someone said to be wrong face when information that comes from external source is inconsistent to his face. Alternately, the person may be out of face when he has no line to show up in certain situation, even though they are in contact with others. When people are in wrong face or out of face, some may feel shame, interiority, or they may have bad feeling; some may keep presenting an impression of confident. Those who know how to control embarrassments called poise. There are several methods for prevent to threats to the face. Avoidance, one of the basic kinds of face-work, process by changing the topic of conversation and acting as the threatening expression has no occurred at all. Once someone change an encounter into inconsistence, another kind of defensive measure, he action or resources to keep of or away from activities. Protection maneuvers- â€Å"a person shows respect, politeness, making sure to extend to other any ceremonial treatment†. When someone loses control of his expression during encounter, he can turn away or time out for moment. For example, two people are in conversation and one turn to mad, to control the temper of encounter, another decide to leave him or his active for a moment to give him time to calm down; so they can avoid fighting. Ritual disequilibrium or disgrace, one or more participants find themselves in an established. Ritual means the system of ceremonies, respect, or acting with symbolic component. Interchange is the sequences of acts set in motion that re-establishment of ritual equilibrium. For example: Marry collide to David in the small hallway, A says, â€Å" Excuse me† and then B replies â€Å" Sure†. Those speeches are corrective ritual. There are four classic moves. First, the challenge, participants take on responsibility to the misconduct. The second move is offering, the offender is given chance to correct to correct or restore equilibrium. The acceptance will been occur after the first and second move had been made. The person to whom can satisfy or re-establish the order of offense. Finally, thanks, the fourth move, provide model for ritual behavior, but deviation from model may include refusing to change. Those parts may fit better when interact together than separate into conscious ones. Lack of effort by one may be met with inducible compensative effort from others. Simultaneous apology is the chances for this happen. Many offenders and offended simultaneously attempt to an apology to reduce their criminal. Resolution of situation- the first requirement is more important than apportioning of blame- typically a secondary consideration. There are many more other protect individual. A participant appreciates a delicate situation and to do or say the most fitting thing for different reasons with saving his own face and the face of other, called tact. Then, â€Å"tacit cooperation will naturally arise so that the participants together can meet shared but different objectives. † One of common tacit cooperation is face saving. Face saving refer to maintaining a good self-image, defense his own face and protect the other. People who make a mistake or involve in conflict know they are wrong often not admit that they are wrong to avoid embarrassing remonstrance. Another form of tacit cooperation is reciprocal self-denial. A person just accepts apportionment of judgment during the occasion without having clear idea about it. Negative bargaining means participates try to make a trade to other side. For example, they try to pay a lunch for other like: â€Å" Let me pay for this one† or â€Å" No, I could not. It is my turn. † Therefore, tacit agreement is someone willing to abide, to help others perform theirs. Without ritual, socialization could not organize or worth as it is. Self, the image was expressed from the social interaction that creates face of person. Or the self can understand as play the game or set of ritual. When the person make the mistake that against himself, the person have the prerogative to for give the event is not he, it must be the other participants, who are â€Å"exercise it only in his interests or in the interests of the undertaking. † Much of activity in the encounter occur base on the understanding and effort of all participants, not only individual. And if the relationships are in the process of change that mean the encounter has been satisfied. The author’s point in this article is to allow the reader to understand the concept of face such as commitment, maintenance of face, poise, and how to deal with social process in social relationship, interaction, and encounter. The meaning of word face is the positive social value of person claim. He considers emotion, feelings, embarrassment, confidence, and give examples; make these as a part of his analysis of social face. Goffman also focus on the produces and processes of many kind of face-work like ritual, corrective process, avoidance process, and control embarrassment. He is also conscious and attributes meaning to symbol and action of other. What someone says or how someone acts can always change how face in the other eyes. Therefore, how the encounter goes is depend on everyone’s part to understanding, effort to get through the occasion. The Sociological perspective that I am applying to this article is the Symbolic Interactionist Paradigm. Because this perspective is micro sociology- how face-to-face interaction create the social world, and how face presenting interacts between participants in encounter. Face, image of self is like language sign that others would understand your felling as you express. Any emotions in your face tell others help you avoid bad situation. Being polite attitude is a sign of peace; in contrast, being cocky or angry face would start a fight and probably put you danger. Two people are in conversation and one turn to mad, to control the temper of encounter, another decide to leave him or his active for a moment to give him time to calm down; so they an avoid fighting. As if you blurt out of words during conversation, your action and how you express your face after that would affect your friends to whether forgive or not. The emotion present in your face would reflect the way people judge you. After reading the article â€Å"On Face Work,† I learned many ways to prevent an incident in which lead your relationship downhill. I believe people can understand each other through by looking at others’ emotion and guess their thinking without any word. I think there are some people express their motion and cause many trouble for them.